5 diseases you want to know the origin of the name
Why cancer and cyanosis are termed so ?
Cyanosis
what does the word cyanosis mean?
Bleuish discoloration of the lips and mucous and membranes due to inadequate oxygenation of the blood. Yet the origin of the disease name is surprising. The word Cyanosis originates from the Greek word kuanōsis ‘blueness’, from kuaneos ‘dark blue’. Cyanosis occur in cardiac (Congenital cyanotic heart diseases, and acute cardiogenic shock) and chest diseases (severe asthma attacks or chronic pulmonary diseases).
Cyanosis is a condition in which the skin and the mucous membranes turn a bluish color due to an insufficient amount of oxygen in the bloodstream. It is typically caused by inadequate oxygen saturation of the blood,
Cyanosis can be the result of a variety of medical conditions, from congenital heart defects to lung diseases like pneumonia or emphysema. While cyanosis can affect any part of the body, it is typically most noticeable around the mouth, nose, fingernails, and the tips of the ears.
Classification of Cyanosis
Cyanosis is usually classified into two categories: central or peripheral. Central cyanosis involves a reduced amount of oxygen reaching the heart or lungs, and is thus a result of either poor circulation or an obstruction in the respiratory system. This type of cyanosis is more serious as it can lead to oxygen deprivation in the vital organs of the body. Common causes of central cyanosis include heart and lung diseases such as congestive heart failure, pneumonia, septic shock, or pulmonary embolism, as well as congenital heart defects. Peripheral cyanosis, on the other hand, occurs when oxygen-rich blood fails to adequately circulate to the skin. This type of cyanosis is usually less serious and can be due to a number of causes, including exposure to cold temperatures, high-altitude, or smoking.
Treatment for cyanosis will depend on the underlying cause of the condition. If central cyanosis is detected, medical intervention will aim to treat the underlying heart or lung disease. while treatment for peripheral cyanosis may include interventions to improve circulation, such as exercise, warm baths, or massage. In both cases, increased oxygen intake can be beneficial, and may involve oxygen supplementation or the use of a CPAP machine.
Regardless of the type of cyanosis, it is important to seek medical attention if the bluish discoloration is persistent, especially in infants. As oxygen deprivation can cause severe damage to the brain and other organs if left untreated, a prompt diagnosis is essential in order to prevent further complications. Furthermore, it is important to keep in mind that symptoms of cyanosis can also be an indication of a more serious condition, such as hypoxia or carbon monoxide poisoning, in which case prompt medical attention is a must.
In conclusion, cyanosis is a medical condition characterized by a bluish discoloration of the skin due to an insufficient amount of oxygen in the blood. It is divided into two categories: central or peripheral, depending on where the oxygen deprivation occurs. Treatment will vary depending on the cause, but prompt medical attention is always important in order to prevent further complications.
Diabetes Mellitus The origin of the disease Name
What does diabetes mellitus mean?
The chronic disease presenting by excessive drinking of water and much urination, excessive eating. The disease nomination diabetes mellitus is derived from the Greek word diabetes meaning siphon – to pass through and the Latin word mellitus meaning honeyed or sweet. This is because in diabetes excess sugar is found in blood and excreted by the kidney when it is higher than 180mg% in the blood. Diabetes mellitus was diagnosed by A sugary taste much urine. Diabetes has many complications including hyperglycemic comas, complications of treatment and increase risk of hypertension coronary artery diseases and dyslipidemia and obesity. Some types of cancer (Bladder, pancreas and colorectal) showed increased frequency in diabetics. A corner stone in diabetes management is to control associated co-morbidities.
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Jaundice
what is the origon of the disease name?
The yellowish discoloration of the skin and mucous membranes. Jaundice First appears in the sclera of the eye being rich in elastin which has a special affinity to bind bilirubin. In fact, Sclera colors differs according to the type of Jaundice: Lemon Yellow in hemolytic Jaundice and Olive green in obstructive type. The origin of the disease name Jaundice comes from the French word Jaune which means the yellow color. Diagnosis: bilirubin levels in blood (Total and direct). Clinically apparent Jaundice when total bilirubin is 2- 3mg%. The threshold varies between patients.
Jaundice is a medical condition marked by yellowing of skin, mucous membranes, and whites of the eyes. The yellowing results from abnormally high levels of bilirubin, a yellow-brown bile pigment that is a major breakdown product of hemoglobin in the red blood cells. The cause of jaundice may vary, ranging from benign, self-limiting conditions to serious disorders, in which case treatment is necessary. Regardless of the cause, jaundice must be monitored and managed as quickly as possible in order to prevent serious complications from developing.
Causes of Jaundice
Jaundice is typically caused by one of three factors: liver disease, increased breakdown of red blood cells, or blockages in the bile duct. When the liver is damaged or diseased, it may not be able to absorb enough of the bilirubin from the intestine. In this case, the bilirubin accumulates in the body, leading to jaundice. Hemolytic anemia, a condition in which red blood cells destruction occurs more quickly than normal, results in increased bilirubin production and also may cause jaundice. Furthermore, blockages in the bile duct prevent bilirubin from being safely expelled from the body. Accumulation of bilirubin in the blood leads to jaundice.
When jaundice is present, it is usually visible in the skin and the whites of the eyes. you can notice jaundice also in the mucous membranes, such as the inside of the mouth and nose, and the palm of the hands. A definitive diagnosis requires laboratory tests to measure the levels of bilirubin in the blood. Tests for other conditions such as hepatitis and anemia may be necessary to identify the underlying cause.
If the cause is liver disease, the treatment includes medications to control the symptoms and improve liver functions. In cases of obstruction in the bile duct, the blockage may need to be cleared in case of stones or bypassed surgically in case of stricture. A stent to keep the duct open treat the blockages . If jaundice is a result of an increase in red blood cell breakdown, medication or a transfusion of red blood cells may be necessary to start the recovery process.
Complications and Prognosis
Complications from jaundice can arise if left untreated. Bacteria in the gut break down Bilirubin which can lead to a life-threatening infection known as sepsis. A liver enzyme responsible for metabolizing medications can also be suppressed, causing certain medications to accumulate in the body and lead to drug toxicity. In extreme cases, jaundice may lead to liver failure and the need for a liver transplant.
The prognosis of jaundice varies depending on its cause. In cases of benign jaundice, the condition often resolves on its own without medical intervention. If the underlying cause of the jaundice is more serious, treatment may be necessary to prevent further complications. If treatment is initiated quickly, the prognosis for a successful full recovery is typically good.
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Liver Cirrhosis
what does the word liver cirrhosis mean? What is the orofgin of the disease name?
The origin of the disease name cirrhosis originates from the Greek word Kirrhos (tawny) which is the orange yellow color of the liver in many cirrhosis cases. Also, fat accumulation in the liver not caused by alcoholism nonalcoholic steato-hepatitis. Immune system abnormality as well can cause autoimmune hepatitis. Multiple diseases can cause liver Cirrhosis (Damage of liver cells and disruption of its architecture) . Viral infections (Hepatitis B &C) Hepatitic Cirrhosis, prolonged heart failure causing cardiac cirrhosis… Complications include vomiting blood (hematemesis) or passing black bloody stool (melena) and hepatic coma. Viral cirrhosis is a predisposing risk factor of hepatocellular carcinoma.
The liver is an essential organ responsible for many bodily functions, including metabolizing fats, proteins, and carbohydrates; producing important proteins and bile; and filtering toxins out of the blood. When liver cirrhosis occurs, the liver is no longer able to perform these functions properly.
Symptoms and Management of Liver Cirrhosis
Symptoms of liver cirrhosis may include fatigue, loss of appetite, weakness, fluid buildup in the abdomen, weight loss, nausea and/or vomiting, and yellowing of the skin and whites of the eyes (jaundice). Other symptoms may include confusion, spider-like blood vessels on the skin, and easy bruising and bleeding. In its later stages, liver cirrhosis can cause a buildup of toxins in the blood, which may lead to coma and death.
Treatment for liver cirrhosis depends on the underlying cause. Avoid Excessive alcohol consumption and close monitoring and treatment for those with conditions such as hepatitis C. In alcoholic liver disease, lifestyle changes, such as quitting alcohol, may be necessary. In more advanced cases, medications and/or surgeries such as a liver transplant may be necessary. Treatment includes liver support and management of the cause if possible, as anti-failure for heart failure or antiviral for hepatitis C.
Living with liver cirrhosis can be difficult. It’s important to get plenty of rest, eat a balanced and nutritious diet, and avoid activities that could potentially damage the liver.
Cancer The origin of the disease name
The word cancer originates from from Latin, ‘crab or creeping ulcer’, translating Greek karkinos. Because the swollen veins around the tumors resembled the limbs of a crab or because it invades. Cancer damages the organ it grows inside and can also disseminate in many organs like the limbs of a crab.
Cancer is a word that strikes fear into the hearts of many, and according to the National Cancer Institute, it affects over 1.7 million Americans each year. As a life-threatening disease, cancer remains one of the leading causes of death in the United States.
At its core, cancer is the result of abnormal cells that grow and divide without normal control or order. While these cells can originate from any part of the body, when left unnoticed and untreated, they can spread to other organs. In essence, cancer is a group of conditions that leads to the body’s abnormal cell growth. While there are many forms of cancer, some of the most common types include breast, leukemia, lung, and colorectal cancer.
Management of Cancer
The primary way to detect its presence is through a series of medical tests, including blood tests, biopsies, and scans. Depending on the best outcome and the pattern of the cancer cells in question, a medical diagnosis occurs or further tests may be required.
Unfortunately, there is no one-size-fits-all treatment for cancer. Doctors recommend treatment, Depending on the type of cancer, age, and general health. Treatment methods can range from chemotherapy to surgeries, radiation to hormone therapy. However, whatever the treatment selected, there are still risks and side effects patients must face.
The costs of cancer treatment can add up quickly, particularly when it comes to specialty drugs and treatments. Unfortunately, there are few people who can afford these treatments without the help of their employers, insurance companies, and government programs.
Currently, numerous government programs and legislation working together to help provide better care and lower the cost of treatment.
As a disease that affects almost 2 million Americans, proper cancer screenings and awareness remain key in management. Fortunately, most medical care providers have caught up on the need to continue early detection and treatment of cancer. This includes worldwide organizations such as the World Health Organization, the American Cancer Society, and the National Cancer Institute. They all are working together to combat the disease and reduce its impact.
Take Home Message
The fight against cancer isn’t one that has to be faced alone. It’s important for individuals and their communities to become educated about the disease, to participate in fund-raising events to find cures and treatments. spreading awareness and support by those affected by cancer is important as well. Cancer can be a frightening illness. With continued research and support is our part to make sure those affected receive the best care possible.
Treatment of cancer surgery, chemotherapy and radiotherapy. The key in cancer treatment prevention and early diagnosis by screening programs. Finally, Early diagnosis before dissemination occurs is important and correlates with mortality
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